What are sympathomimetics amines?
Sympathomimetic drugs (also known as adrenergic drugs and adrenergic amines) are stimulant compounds which mimic the effects of endogenous agonists of the sympathetic nervous system.
What is a sympathomimetic effect?
Sympathomimetic drugs mimic or stimulate the adrenergic nervous system, and they can raise blood pressure to alarming heights, particularly in hypertensive patients. Many hypertensive patients are sensitive to all pressors, probably because they have hypertrophied vascular smooth muscles.
What drugs are sympathomimetic amines?
Interferences of Sympathomimetic Amines With Amphetamine Immunoassay
| Drug Class | Individual Drug |
|---|---|
| Sympathomimetic amines | Brompheniramine, benzphetamine, ephedrine, |
| isometheptene, mephentermine, methylphenidate, | |
| pseudoephedrine, phentermine, phenylpropylamine,a | |
| propylhexedrine, phenylephrine, phenmetrazine, tyramine |
Which of the following sympathomimetics is an effective mydriatic?
Phenylephrine is also an effective mydriatic. These drugs do not cause cycloplegia.
What are the therapeutic uses of sympathomimetics?
Therapeutic Use and Rationale Because long-term use of sympathomimetics is deleterious (see Side Effects and Contraindications), they are used for short-term treatment of refractory heart failure, cardiogenic shock, and hypotension caused by hemorrhage or sepsis.
What are amines in chemistry?
Amines are organic compounds that contain nitrogen atoms with a lone pair. Basically, they are derived from ammonia (NH3) in which one or more hydrogen atom is replaced by an alkyl or aryl group, and so they are known as alkylamines and arylamines respectively.
Is Epinephrine a sympathomimetic?
Epinephrine is a sympathomimetic catecholamine that exerts its pharmacologic effects on both alpha and beta-adrenergic receptors using a G protein-linked second messenger system. It has a greater affinity for beta receptors in small doses.
What actions do sympathomimetic drugs have on the body?
Sympathomimetic drugs mimic or stimulate the adrenergic nervous system, and they can raise blood pressure to alarming heights, particularly in hypertensive patients.
Is Epinephrine a direct acting sympathomimetic?
Direct sympathomimetics Catecholamines (e.g., epinephrine, norepinephrine, isoproterenol, dopamine, dobutamine) should only be administered if monitored by an experienced physician! High-dose catecholamine administration requires intra-arterial blood pressure monitoring.
What are the adverse effects of the major sympathomimetic agonists?
Direct sympathomimetics
- Hypertension (due to peripheral vasoconstriction) and reflex bradycardia.
- Urinary retention.
- Ischemia and necrosis, especially of the fingers or toes.
- Rebound congestion (with nasal decongestants used > 4–6 days)
- Piloerection.
What are amines simple definition?
An amine is a molecule which has a nitrogen atom that can behave as a base. An amine can be thought of coming from ammonia. The difference is that the three hydrogens in ammonia are changed to any group or atom. If only one of the hydrogens is changed, the amine is called primary.
What are the side effects of sympathomimetics?
For instance, sympathomimetic drugs can lead to rapid increase in blood pressure, arrhythmias, myocardial infarction and heart failure,particularly in elderly patients with coronary artery disease.
What are examples of sympathomimetics?
Examples of nonprescription sympathomimetic agents include the over-the-counter cold preparations (containing ephedrine), illegal street drugs (eg, cocaine, amphetamines, methamphetamine, mephedrone), dietary supplements (eg, ephedra alkaloids), and the very popular illicit designer drugs (eg, 3,4-methylenedioxy methamphetamine [MDMA, “ecstasy”]).
What are sympathomimetic drugs?
Sympathomimetic drugs mimic the effects of sympathetic activation on the heart and circulation. Sympathomimetics stimulate the heart and cause vascular smooth muscle contraction and vasoconstriction. Sympathomimetics are used in conditions where it is appropriate to raise blood pressure by stimulating the heart and inducing vasoconstriction.
What does sympathomimetic mean?
SYMPATHOMIMETIC. • SYMPATHOMIMETIC (adjective) The adjective SYMPATHOMIMETIC has 1 sense: 1. relating to epinephrine (its release or action) Familiarity information: SYMPATHOMIMETIC used as an adjective is very rare.