What is a hollow viscus perforation?

Perforated hollow viscus is characterized by loss of gastrointestinal wall integrity with subsequent leakage of enteric contents. Direct trauma or tissue ischemia and necrosis lead to full-thickness disruption of the gastrointestinal wall and perforation.

What causes a perforated abdominal viscus?

The causes of perforated viscus include trauma, bowel ischemia, infections, or ulcerative conditions, all of which ultimately lead to a full-thickness disruption of the intestinal wall. Perforated viscus presents as sudden onset of abdominal pain.

How serious is a perforated viscus?

Perforated hollow viscus is a life-threatening cause of abdominal pain and carries a mortality of 30-50%. This diagnosis is first suspected on through a careful history, a thorough examination, attention to abnormal vital signs, and a broad differential diagnosis in ill patients with abdominal pain.

Where is the hollow viscus?

– hollow viscus injury refers to blunt force injury specific to the gastrointestinal system extending from the gastroesophageal junction, stomach, small and large intestine including the rectum. Any-rectal injury will be outlined in a separate guideline.

What is a viscus in medical?

Definition of viscus 1 : an internal organ of the body especially : one (such as the heart, liver, or intestine) located in the great cavity of the trunk proper. 2 viscera plural : heart sense 4.

What causes a perforation in the colon?

Bowel perforations may occur spontaneously (unexpectedly) as a result of a medical condition or instead be a complication of various diagnostic and surgical procedures that accidentally create a hole in the colon. Trauma, especially blunt trauma to the abdomen, is also an important cause of bowel perforations.

What are the hollow abdominal organs?

The hollow organs are the stomach, small intestines, colon, gallbladder, bile ducts, fallopian tubes, ureters and urinary bladder. There are two different methods of dividing the abdomen topographically, one using nine regions, and one using four quadrants.

What’s an abdominal viscus?

Viscus: An internal organ of the body, specifically one within the chest (as the heart or lungs) or abdomen (as the liver, pancreas or intestines). “Viscus” is the Latin word for “an organ of the body.” The plural of “viscus” is “viscera.”

How is perforated hollow viscus diagnosed?

Introduction Perforated hollow viscus is a life-threatening cause of abdominal pain and carries a mortality of 30-50%. This diagnosis is first suspected on through a careful history, a thorough examination, attention to abnormal vital signs, and a broad differential diagnosis in ill patients with abdominal pain.

What is severe abdominal pain with a perforated viscus?

Severe abdominal pain is the presenting complaint in patients with perforated viscus, with very remote exception” (elderly, debilitated, disabled, paraplegic/quadriplegic). The onset of pain is sudden and accompanied by rapidly worsening overall condition.

How is perforated viscous perforation treated?

Treatment of perforated viscous requires three major actions detailed below: 1 Resuscitation 2 Early antibiotics 3 Early surgical consultation More

What is the pathophysiology of a perforated bowel?

The perforation results in leakage of air, gastrointestinal contents, and bacterial toxins into the peritoneal cavity resulting in generalized inflammation and peritonitis. A systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) begins due to the gross abdominal contamination.