How do you give IV isoniazid?
It is recommended to give an intravenous dose slowly as an undiluted bolus injection, although other methods may be employed. The recommended intravenous or intramuscular dose for neonates is 3-5 mg/kg with a maximum of 10 mg/kg daily. Isoniazid may be present in the milk of lactating mothers (see section 4.6).
What is isoniazid used for?
What is isoniazid? Isoniazid is an antibiotic that fights bacteria. Isoniazid is used to treat and to prevent tuberculosis (TB). You may need to take other TB medicines in combination with isoniazid.
Why is H stand for in isoniazid?
Isoniazid, also known as isonicotinic acid hydrazide (INH), is an antibiotic used for the treatment of tuberculosis. For active tuberculosis it is often used together with rifampicin, pyrazinamide, and either streptomycin or ethambutol….Isoniazid.
| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| Routes of administration | By mouth, intramuscular, intravenous |
Why does isoniazid cause hepatotoxicity?
Chronic INH hepatotoxicity results in the induction of hepatocyte apoptosis, with associated disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential and DNA strand breaks. The most likely biochemical mechanism is that the metabolism of INH produces reactive metabolites that bind and damage cellular macromolecules in the liver.
Is isoniazid the same as rifampin?
What is isoniazid and rifampin? Isoniazid and rifampin are antibiotics that fight bacteria. Isoniazid and rifampin is a combination medicine used to treat tuberculosis (TB).
Why do you give pyridoxine with isoniazid?
Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) supplementation during isoniazid (INH) therapy is necessary in some patients to prevent the development of peripheral neuropathy.
What is isoniazid preventive therapy?
7Isoniazid preventive therapy. Preventive therapy, also known as chemoprophylaxis, with isoniazid reduces the risk of (i) a first episode of TB occurring in people exposed to infection or with latent infection and (ii) a recurrent episode of TB.
Which vitamin is administered with INH?
How does isoniazid cause peripheral neuropathy?
Second, INH inhibits the enzyme pyridoxine phosphokinase; this enzyme is necessary to activate pyridoxine to pyridoxal 5′ phosphate, the cofactor in many “pyridoxine-dependent” reactions. Functional pyridoxine deficiency is the likely mechanism of INH-induced peripheral neuropathy.
What is the antidote for isoniazid?
The antidote for isoniazid is pyridoxine. If there is a suspicion that status epilepticus could be the result of isoniazid toxicity, pyridoxine should be given as soon as possible. However, pyridoxine, especially in the doses required, will take time to get and give.
How does isoniazid cause neuropathy?
Is isoniazid safe for people with liver disease?
To make sure isoniazid is safe for you, tell your doctor if you have: a history of liver disease; kidney disease; nerve problems that cause pain, weakness, or numbness; diabetes; HIV or AIDS; if you drink alcohol daily; if you are malnourished;
What are the signs and symptoms of isoniazid toxicity?
a history of severe allergic reaction to isoniazid; a history of hepatitis or other liver problems caused by taking isoniazid; or. a history of severe isoniazid side effects such as fever, chills, or joint pain and swelling.
Does isoniazid cause SLE?
The consulting physician diagnosed that the patient was suffering from SLE. As isoniazid is associated with an increased risk of developing SLE, it was suspected as the culprit drug. After withdrawing isoniazid from the antituberculosis treatment regimen, the patient improved and was discharged.
Does isoniazid interact with other medications or foods?
Many drugs can interact with isoniazid. This includes prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible interactions are listed in this medication guide. Tell your doctor about all medicines you use, and those you start or stop using during your treatment with isoniazid.