How Coal bed methane is formed?

CBM is formed during the process of coalification by transformation of plant material into coal. It is generated by either a microbiological or thermal process as a result of increasing heat at greater depth during coal formation. The coal seams are often saturated with groundwater at high pressure.

Where is coal bed methane found?

coal seams
Where is coalbed methane found? Coalbed methane is associated with coal deposits, and is found in coal seams. In the past, the gas was the cause of numerous explosions in underground mines. More recently, the gas has been vented to the surface from underground mines.

What is coal bed methane reservoir?

Natural gas, predominantly methane [CH4], generated during coal formation and adsorbed in coal. Natural gas adsorbs to the surfaces of matrix pores within the coal and natural fractures, or cleats, as reservoir pressure increases. In these reservoirs, the adsorbed gas is held in place by free gas in the cleats.

Why Coal bed methane is called sweet gas?

Coalbed methane (CBM) is an unconventional form of natural gas found in coal deposits or coal seams and now considered an alternative source for augmenting India’s energy resource. It is called ‘sweet gas’ because it does not contain any hydrogen sulphide. The gas often contains up to a few percent of carbon dioxide.

What is coal bed methane Upsc?

Coal bed methane (CBM) refers to a reserve of natural gas stored in coal seams. It is an unconventional form of natural gas. This topic is important for the UPSC Examination for General Studies Paper 3 Environment and Ecology as CBM is also seen as a clean energy source.

What is the difference between coal bed methane and shale gas?

Coalbed methane is natural gas produced from coalbeds in the same way that methane is produced from other strata. Shale gas is produced from reservoirs composed of shale. Gas shales are often source rocks and the reservoir source for natural gas.

Is coal bed methane pure?

Coalbed methane (CBM) – also known in Australia as coal seam gas (CSG) — natural gas that is stored (‘adsorbed”) in deeply buried coal seams. Chemically, CBM is similar to other sources of natural gas (about 95% pure methane) and can be sold into any market.

Where is methane found in India?

CBM projects exist in Raniganj South, Raniganj East and Raniganj North areas in the Raniganj coalfield, the Parbatpur block in Jharia coalfield and the East and west Bokaro coalfields. Son valley includes the Sonhat North and Sohagpur East and West blocks.

Is natural gas and methane the same?

Methane and natural gas are often used as synonyms, but they are not exactly perfect substitutes. Methane is a colorless, odorless, and flammable greenhouse gas, while Natural gas is primarily methane but contains ethane, propane, carbon dioxide, and water vapor as well.

How much methane is released in India each year?

The scientists, led by Anita Ganesan, who specialises in estimating greenhouse emissions at Bristol University in the UK, found that India’s average emissions of methane gas were about 22 trillion grams per year between 2010 and 2015. The study appeared in the latest issue of the journal Nature Communications.

What is co-coalbed methane?

Coalbed Methane (CBM) is an unconventional source of natural gas (primarily methane) adsorbed in coal itself rather than in the pore space of the rock, like most “conventional” gas. The gas is released in response to a drop in pressure in the coal.

What is the Kaveri delta coal-bed methane extraction project?

The Kaveri delta coal-bed methane extraction project was a project to extract methane gas from coal-bed by using hydraulic fracturing in the Kaveri river basin in Tamil Nadu, India.

What are the characteristics of a coal bed methane reservoir?

Reservoir properties. Gas contained in coal bed methane is mainly methane and trace quantities of ethane, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and few other gases. Intrinsic properties of coal as found in nature determine the amount of gas that can be recovered. Coalbed methane reservoirs are considered as a dual-porosity reservoirs.

How is methane extracted from coal?

Methane may be extracted by drilling wells into the coal seam. The goal is to decrease the water pressure by pumping water from the well. The decrease in pressure allows methane to desorb from the coal and flow as a gas up the well to the surface. Methane is then compressed and piped to market.