Which IV anesthetic agent is contraindicated in pregnancy and hypertension?
Vasoactive drugs during pregnancy affect the utero-placental flow and the fetus. The aim of anti-hypertensive treatment is to prevent maternal and fetal morbidity from labile hypertension. ACE inhibitors and angiotensin 2 antagonists are contraindicated before delivery because of their effects on the fetus.
Why is epidural Anaesthesia preferred in preeclampsia?
[2] Nonetheless, epidural anesthesia has been the preferred method of anesthesia for cesarean delivery in women with severe preeclampsia because the severity and incidence of hypotension may be less with epidural as compared to spinal anesthesia due to a slower onset of sympathetic blockade.
What is the cause of pre eclampsia?
The exact cause of preeclampsia involves several factors. Experts believe it begins in the placenta — the organ that nourishes the fetus throughout pregnancy. Early in pregnancy, new blood vessels develop and evolve to efficiently send blood to the placenta.
What is the nursing management of eclampsia?
Nursing Management Administer prescribed medications. Monitor reflexes on patients on magnesium sulfate. Neurologic checks regularly. Seizure precautions if ordered.
What is the pathophysiology of eclampsia?
It is believed that in eclampsia there is abnormal cerebral blood flow in the setting of extreme hypertension. The regulation of cerebral perfusion is inhibited, vessels become dilated with increased permeability, and cerebral edema occurs, resulting in ischemia and encephalopathy.
Is diazepam used in eclampsia?
The single drug therapy of diazepam can be introduced to effectively control convulsions in eclampsia. This treatment will have particular application in rural obstetrics where eclampsia is seen in severe form.
Is methyldopa a beta blocker?
2. During long-term use alpha-methyldopa frequently reduces the total peripheral resistance and the reduction in cardiac output is usually modest, at rest as well as during exercise. The beta-blockers reduce the blood pressure, but induce a marked decrease in cardiac output and heart rate.
What is indication of methyldopa?
Indication. Methyldopa is indicated for the management of hypertension as monotherapy 11 or in combination with hydrochlorothiazide. 12. Methyldopa injection is used to manage hypertensive crises.
What is preeclampsia anesthetic management?
Preeclampsia is a multisystem disorder with unique concerns for the anesthesiologist in the peripartum period. This topic will discuss the anesthetic management of labor and delivery for preeclamptic patients, including labor analgesia, cesarean delivery, fluid management, and invasive monitoring.
When should a patient with preeclampsia be evaluated during labor?
Preeclamptic patients should be evaluated by an anesthesia clinician early in labor, with the expectation that an emergency delivery may be required at any time.
What is the classification of preeclampsia?
Severity of preeclampsia — Preeclampsia may be classified as severe (also called preeclampsia with severe features) or preeclampsia without severe features (table 1).
What are the possible complications of preeclampsia during pregnancy?
Women with preeclampsia are at an increased risk for life-threatening events, including placental abruption, cerebral hemorrhage, pulmonary edema, acute kidney injury, hepatic failure or rupture, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and progression to eclampsia. (See “Preeclampsia: Clinical features and diagnosis” .)