What are the four major risk factors for development of atherosclerosis?

Key points of atherosclerosis Atherosclerosis is thickening or hardening of the arteries caused by a buildup of plaque in the inner lining of an artery. Risk factors may include high cholesterol and triglyceride levels, high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, obesity, physical activity, and eating saturated fats.

What is the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis?

Marchand introduced the term “atherosclerosis” describing the association of fatty degeneration and vessel stiffening. This process affects medium and large-sized arteries and is characterized by patchy intramural thickening of the subintima that encroaches on the arterial lumen.

What is arteriosclerosis PPT?

Introduction • Atherosclerosis (also known as Arteriosclerotic Vascular Disease or ASVD) • the condition in which an artery wall thickens as the result of a build-up of fatty materials such as cholesterol • affecting arterial blood vessels, a chronic inflammatory response in the walls of arteries • due to the …

How does atherosclerosis develop?

Atherosclerosis, sometimes called “hardening of the arteries,” occurs when fat (cholesterol) and calcium build up inside the lining of the artery wall, forming a substance called plaque. Over time, the fat and calcium buildup narrows the artery and blocks blood flow through it.

What is the initiating event in atherosclerosis?

As shown in Fig. 3, a primary initiating event in atherosclerosis is the accumulation of LDL in the subendothelial matrix. Accumulation is greater when levels of circulating LDL are raised, and both the transport and retention of LDL are increased in the preferred sites for lesion formation.

What is the first stage of atherosclerosis?

The fatty streak: This first stage of atherosclerosis can sometimes be found in children as young as 10 years of age. In this stage, a yellow streak appears along major arteries, such as the aorta and carotid artery.

What is atherosclerosis and how is it caused?

Atherosclerosis is a narrowing of the arteries caused by a buildup of plaque. Arteries are the blood vessels that carry oxygen and nutrients from your heart to the rest of your body. As you get older, fats, cholesterol, and calcium can collect in your arteries and form plaque.